Pig and hippo hooves to mysticete flippers: polydactyly and polyphalangealy
Short one today
as the graphics (Fig 1) tell the story. Myscticetes, like the gray whale Eschrichtius and the right whale, Eubaelana, have extra phlanages (green). Right whales also have a reversal mutation in the return of manual digit 1 (blue).
This is how hooves turned into flippers in the transition to mysicetes.
Figure 1. Polydactylism = extra fingers and Polyphalangealy = extra phalanges demonstrated in mysticetes derived from pig and hippo artiodctyls, some with a polydactyl = reversal to retain a digit 1 mutation.
” data-medium-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg?w=88″ data-large-file=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg?w=299″ class=”size-full wp-image-93995″ src=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg” alt=”Figure 1. Polydactylism = extra fingers and Polyphalangealy = extra phalanges demonstrated in mysticetes derived from pig and hippo artiodctyls, some with a polydactyl = reversal to retain a digit 1 mutation.” width=”584″ height=”2000″ srcset=”https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg?w=584&h=2000 584w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg?w=44&h=150 44w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg?w=88&h=300 88w, https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/polydactylism_sus_eubaelana588-2.jpg 588w” sizes=”(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px” />
Figure 1. Polydactylism = extra fingers and Polyphalangealy = extra phalanges demonstrated in mysticetes derived from pig and hippo artiodctyls, some with a polydactyl = reversal to retain a digit 1 mutation.
Generally
recombination of genes produces new combinations of the parents’ and immediate ancestors’ traits during fertilization.
Occasionally
genes that had been turned off are turned on again, reintroducing old and really old traits in a process called reversal. These new/old traits may be lost immediately or retained in future generations whether or not the trait provides an immediate advantage, however minor.
In any case, this appears how mysticetes got extra phalanges and right whales got their thumb back. This is phenomics = trait analysis at work.
Source: https://pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com/2025/08/04/pig-and-hippo-hooves-to-mysticete-flippers-polydactyly-and-polyphalangealy/
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