Clarifying Bismuth's nature could deepen the understanding of the topological properties of materials with surface relaxation effects
According to scientists from Japan’s Kobe University and University of Electro-Communications, there has long been a debate on whether bismuth is part of a class of materials highly suitable for quantum computing and spintronics. The research team has now revealed that the true nature of bismuth was masked by its surface, and in doing so uncovered a new phenomenon relevant to all such materials.
There is a class of materials that are insulators in their bulk, but robustly conductive at their surface. As this conductivity does not suffer from defects or impurities, such “topological materials,” as they are called, are expected to be highly suitable for use in quantum computers, spintronics and other advanced electronic applications. However, whether bismuth is a topological material or not has been under scientific debate for the past almost 20 years, with many calculations showing that it shouldn’t be, but certain measurements indicating differently. Kobe University quantum solid state physicist Fuseya Yuki says: “I have been fascinated by bismuth and have been conducting research with the desire to know everything there is to know about the element. As a bismuth lover, I could not overlook such a situation and delved into the debate, hoping to solve the mystery.”
Source: https://www.spintronics-info.com/researchers-gain-better-understanding-bismuths-nature-could-deepen
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