An enhanced MLS beckons
The Multilateral System (MLS) of the Plant Treaty must deliver the fair and predictable monetary benefits it promised, if crop diversity is to continue to be available with minimal friction to all who use it to help ensure the world’s food security.
That’s been the premise of the past two years of negotiations by the Plant Treaty’s Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group to Enhance the Functioning of the Multilateral System. With the 11th Session of the Governing Body coming up in November in Lima, Peru, the report of the Working Group is now up on the Plant Treaty’s website.
What does it say?
Well, it’s not easy reading, but let me give you what I see as the key points. Summarizing such a dense and technical document in a few sentences is tricky, so I hope I don’t misrepresent anything. Please let me know if I have, and I will make any corrections needed.
Countries agree that a subscription model would generate more, and more predictable, user contributions than the current pay-per-use approach. There also seems to be a shared view that more crops should be brought under the MLS (beyond the current Annex 1) to reflect global interdependence. But also that countries should be allowed to carve out exemptions. And finally, there is general agreement that benefits derived from the use of Digital Sequence Information (DSI) must be addressed in the MLS framework.
Still to come, however, are hard decisions on the level, timing, and conditions of payments under the subscription model. And indeed debate continues over whether pay-per-use should remain available as an option, and under what terms. There are also different views on whether DSI contributions should be mandatory, voluntary, or embedded in the subscription system; and around how to amend Annex 1, whether to include all PGRFA or adopt a phased approach.
So, there’s definitely been much progress, but without bold choices and compromises on these points in Lima (and thereafter), the reform package risks falling short of the needs of farmers and future generations. Fingers crossed.
Source: https://agro.biodiver.se/2025/09/an-enhanced-mls-beckons/
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