A small example of the Fracking industry
consider a frack site in Beaver County, Pennsylvania. This particular frack
site is right in the middle of Marcellus Shale country and lies along the
state’s Western border, and is located in a rural community similar to many
areas of the middle inner-East Coast. The nearest house is approximately 300 meters
away and the nearest neighborhood is 1200 meters away. Within 3000 meters from the site lies a sprawling golf course and a small community of 20 houses. The frack site itself lies right in the center of a
former farm field in an overall idyllic setting, and is run by the Chesapeake
Energy (Appalachia LLC). With such a close proximity to such a small community,
the chemicals used in the frack lead to more questions than answers when 65.47
tons of the fluid is almost completely unaccounted for.
and all houses and sites located near the area
seemingly well-balanced mixture (for a fluid that, y’know, breaks open rocks
hundreds of feet below the ground) that is commonly repeated in other fracks in
the area run by the same company. The frack fluid mostly contains water (89%),
with another 9.3% of the fluid being sand. While on the surface this may seem
to be a non-toxic, unthreatening mixture, it must be kept in mind that these
two ingredients that constitute up to 98.3% of a frack fluid recipe equal out
to about 25,025.17 tons of liquid. Now consider that the remaining chemicals
constitute an additional 132.82 tons, or 1.7%, of the mixture.
measure out to be below one ton, there are larger amounts of some certain
ingredients. For instance, hydrogen chloride totals a whopping 41.16 tons.
Other ingredients, such as a ‘carbohydrate polymer’ are listed at comprising
33.17 tons, and a ‘synthetic organic polymer’ makes up 20.76 tons. Other high
amounts of ingredients include tetramethyl ammonium chloride (12.87 tons), ‘aliphatic
polyol’ (11.10 tons), potassium hydroxide (5.55 tons) and hydrotreated
petroleum distillate (2.99 tons).
The problem in these ingredients isn’t
necessarily the actual product in the fluid, but what the product even is. Each
ingredient I’ve listed in the above paragraph that is in quotation marks is an
ingredient that is missing a CAS number, or Chemical Abstract Service number.
These numbers are used to register each chemical in a large database on the
website FracFocus.org, a website which is used by the fracking industry to
publish their frack site information (i.e. location, ingredients in frack fluid
used) for the public to see. Counting the three ingredients I’ve already listed
in this article (the aliphatic polyol, the carbohydrate polymer and the
synthetic organic polymer) there are a total of six ingredients in this
particular mixture that have no CAS number listed. Totaled, this means almost
half of the chemicals listed have been left unaccounted for.
left as unlisted.
Source:
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